Ihsan, N.H., Muslih, M.K., Zhoofiroh, Z. 'Afaaf, Alfiyya Zahra Asso and Abdussalam, N. 2026. The Problem of Evil: A Study of Alvin Plantinga’s Free Will Defense. Journal of Islamic and Occidental Studies. 4, 1 (Jun. 2026), 45–66. DOI:https://doi.org/10.21111/jios.v4i1.89.